Financiamiento en investigación: ¿qué necesito antes de comenzar a buscar una fuente de financiamiento?: parte 1 / Research funding: what do I need before I start looking for a funding source?: part 1

Esta es la primera parte de un artículo sobre la búsqueda de financiamiento para un proyecto de investigación. Esta entrega resume los principales ítems para tener en consideración a la hora de postularse a una convocatoria. Requerimientos del proceso: 1. Tiempo protegido. 2. Propuesta de investigación sólida. 3. Equipo calificado y con experiencia. 4. Definición y organización de actividades. 5. Cronograma de actividades. 6. Estimación de costos. (AU)

This is the first part of an article about finding funding for a research project. This delivery summarizes the main ítems to take into consideration when applying for a call. Process requirements: 1. Protected time. 2. Strong research proposal. 3. Qualified and experienced team. 4. Definition and organization of activities. 5. Schedule of activities. 6. Cost estimate. (AU)

Call for a change in research funding priorities: the example of mental health in Costa Rica / Solicitud de un cambio en las prioridades de financiamiento de la investigación: el ejemplo de la salud mental en Costa Rica

The World Health Organization (WHO) Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 urges its Member States to strengthen leadership in mental health, ensure mental and social health interventions in community-based settings, promote mental health and strengthen information systems, and increase evidence and research for mental health. Although Costa Rica has strongly invested in public health and successfully reduced the burden of nutritional and infectious diseases, its transitional epidemiological pattern, population growth, and immigration from unstable neighboring countries has shifted the burden to chronic disorders. Although policies for chronic disorders have been in place for several decades, mental disorders have not been included. Recently, as the Ministry of Health of Costa Rica developed a Mental Health Policy for 2013-2020, it became evident that the country needs epidemiological data to prioritize evidence-based intervention areas. This article stresses the importance of conducting local epidemiological studies on mental health, and calls for changes in research funding priorities by public and private national and international funding agencies in order to follow the WHO Mental Health Action Plan.

El Plan de Acción sobre Salud Mental 2013-2020 de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) insta a sus Estados Miembros a que fortalezcan el liderazgo en el ámbito de la salud mental, garanticen las intervenciones de salud mental y asistencia social en los entornos comunitarios, promuevan la salud mental y fortalezcan los sistemas de información, e incrementen los datos científicos y las investigaciones sobre salud mental. Aunque Costa Rica ha invertido mucho en salud pública y ha reducido con éxito la carga de enfermedades nutricionales e infecciosas, su modelo epidemiológico transitorio, el crecimiento de la población y la inmigración desde países vecinos inestables han desplazado la carga de morbilidad hacia los trastornos crónicos. Aunque existen políticas en vigor dirigidas a los trastornos crónicos desde hace varios decenios, no se ha incluido en ellas a los trastornos mentales. Recientemente, cuando el Ministerio de Salud de Costa Rica elaboró una Política Nacional de Salud Mental para el periodo del 2013 al 2020, se hizo evidente que el país necesita datos epidemiológicos para priorizar las áreas de intervención con base en pruebas científicas. Este artículo subraya la importancia de llevar a cabo estudios epidemiológicos de ámbito local sobre salud mental, y solicita cambios en las prioridades de financiamiento de la investigación por parte de los organismos de financiamiento públicos y privados, nacionales e internacionales, con objeto de cumplir con lo que establece el Plan de Acción sobre Salud Mental de la OMS.

Pesquisa clínica em enfermagem: contribuições para inovação tecnológica / Investigacion clinica en enfermeria: contribuciones a la innovacion tecnologica / Clinical research in nursing: contributions for technological innovation

A pesquisa clínica é um estudo sistemático que segue métodos científicos aplicáveis aos seres humanos. Objetivouse, neste estudo, identificar as contribuições da pesquisa clínica para inovação tecnológica na área da enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo operacionalizado mediante revisão integrativa. Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e BDENF, associada à busca manual das publicações. As áreas com significativo número de artigos foram Saúde do Adulto (44%) e Saúde da Mulher (14%). Verificou-se que 8% das publicações resultaram em inovação tecnológica, o que evidencia pouca contribuição da pesquisa clínica nesta abordagem presente nas produções científicas da enfermagem. Conclui-se que a produção da enfermagem restringe-se às tecnologias leves e leve-duras, sendo incipientesas publicações referentes à produção e aperfeiçoamento de materiais e equipamentos. Destaque-se a importância dessas publicações por permitirem aquisição, produção e aprofundamento dos conhecimentos.

Clinical research is a systematic study that follows scientific methods applicable to humans. The purpose of this study is to identify the contributions of clinical research for technological innovation in nursing. It is an operational integrative review study. Search was performed in Lilacs, Medline and BDENF databases, associated with manual search of publications. Areas with a significant number of articles were: Adult Health (44%) and Women Health (14%). Only 8% of the publications resulted in technological innovation, which is evidence of the poor contribution of clinical research to nursing scientific literature. In conclusion, the nursing scientific production is limited to soft and soft-hard technologies. Furthermore, the publications related to production and development of materials and equipment are incipient. It is important to emphasize the relevance of such publications since they allow acquisition, production and enhancement of knowledge.

La investigación clínica es un estudio sistemático que sigue métodos científicos aplicables a los seres humanos. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar contribuciones de la investigación clínica a la innovación tecnológica en el área de enfermería. Se trata de un estudio llevado a cabo mediante una revisión integrativa. Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE y BDENF y también búsqueda manual de las publicaciones. Las áreas con número significativo de artículos fueron: Salud del Adulto (44%) y de la Mujer (14%). Hubo innovación tecnológica en 8% de las publicaciones, lo cual pone en evidencia la poca contribución de la investigación clínica con este enfoque en las producciones científicas de enfermería. Se concluye que la producción de enfermería se limita a las tecnologías ligeras y ligeras-duras, y que las publicaciones sobre producción y perfeccionamiento de materiales y equipamientos son muy pocas. Se realza la importancia de estos artículos pues permiten adquirir, producir y profundizar conocimientos.

El Estado fomenta el regreso de los investigadores argentinos / State encouragement of repatriaton of argentine scientific researchers

Pone en conocimiento las actividades y resultados del programa de vinculación de científicos argentinos en el exterior, Programa Raíces, así como su importancia política en el marco de las políticas de recursos humanos del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva de la Argentina.

Ecuador define sus prioridades de investigación en salud / Ecuador defines its health research priorities

La construcción de una agenda de prioridades de investigación es una herramienta esencial para acrecentar la capacidad de investigación científica y tecnológica, y el resultado de procesos sistemáticos dirigidos a jerarquizar, seleccionar y organizar problemáticas que pueden ser resueltas por métodos científicos.

O ensino médico além da graduação: iniciação científica / Medical education beyond graduation: undergraduate research

O interesse pela iniciação científica no Brasil e no mundo tem aumentado tanto nos alunos quanto nos professores e instituições, impulsionado pelo incentivo recebido pelas agências de fomento, pelo modelo de pós-graduação da Capes e, principalmente, pela necessidade cada vez maior de conhecimento científico atualizado para embasar a prática clínica do dia a dia.

Investigación clínica en Chile: ¿cómo superar una inquietante evolución? / Clinical research in Chile: how to improve its worrying evolution?

There is still great collective paucity in our society in appreciating the importance of scientific work for the devolopment of the nation. In this context, relevant clinical research has ben greatly discouraged. The Ministry of Education and the National Comission for Technical and Scientific research (CONICYT) have been committed, with no outstanding results however, to encourage these activities, specially sustaining individual projects originated in the tradicional universities. Precarious conditions persist as manifested by meager budgets for investigation. Public health policies and organization are scarcely endorsed in locally generated clinical or public health knowledge. Postgraduate training programs, specially doctorates, needed to increase the academic human resources with a consistent scientific potential, are very limited. Recent governmental initiatives, altogether with specific proposals waiting for implementation, would certainly contribute to optimize and promote the revival of our impoverished scenarios in clinical research

La Revista Médica de Chile cumple 125 años / Revista Médica de Chile commemorates its 125th anniversary

The first issue of Revista Médica de Chile was printed in July 1872. Since then, it has been published monthly, interrupted only for few months during a Chilean civil war (1891). This medical journal has been devoted mainly to clinical topics in internal medicine, but currently it includes an increasing proportion of research papers in other biomedical and preclinical subjects. This journal is included in the most important international indexes of biomedical publications. Most issues cover also medical education, public health, the ethics of clinical and experimental research, medical administration and the history of medicine. The evolution of medicine in Chile along 125 years is clearly reflected in the contents of the journal. Revista médica de Chile is one of the oldest medical journals in the world, particularly among those published in spanish and a top ranking biomedical publication in Chile

Formaçäo do pesquisador no país / The researcher education in Brazil

Apresenta um quadro da atual política governamental de apoio à pós-graduaçäo no Brasil, apontando os problemas enfrentados pelos programas de formaçäo para a pesquisa. Discute a alocaçäo de recursos para subvençäo de cursos de doutorado no exterior, propondo uma reavaliaçäo desta política e enfatizando a necessidade de um apoio maior para os cursos de mestrados e doutorado no próprio país.

Funding of health research in India.

An overview of financing of health research in India is presented based on data for the year 1987-88, collected from nearly 298 institutions involved in health research. Only 8 per cent of the funds was derived from foreign sources. Distribution of research funds was highly skewed. Research activity seemed to have concentrated in a few specialty institutes located in the four metropolitan cities. Research activities apparently matched the national health priorities, reproductive health being the most frequently reported area of research. The study concludes that since health is primarily a service sector, its research needs are not fully appreciated. As a result, research allocation in the health sector is lower, as compared to that for many other developmental sectors. The paper highlights some of the implications of this lopsided distribution to research capacity building in the country.

El financiamiento de organismos internacionales para programas de salud / Financing of health programs through international agencies

En este artículo se describe el papel que han jugado los organismos internacionales en el financiamiento de los programas de salud. Se identifican los diferentes tipos de organismos de acuerdo con el tipo de apoyo que proporcionan, la naturaleza de su relación con los países receptores y su carácter público o privado. Finalmente, se analizan los principales problemas del financiamiento externo de los programas de salud y se presenta el caso de la Fundación W.K. Kellogg como ejemplo de organismo internacional involucrado en programas de salud en México

This paper discusses the role that the international agencies have played in financing health programs. The different types of organisms are identified and classified according to the support they offer, the nature of their relationship with the recepient countries and their public or private character. The main problems associated with external financing of health problems are also discussed and the case of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation is presented to illustrate some of the issues previously analyzed.